A 3 pages long article analysis (not including the reference page and coversheet). The article and a guide on how to analyze are attached.
Complete Guide on Article Analysis
(with 1 Analysis Example)
This guide is designed to assist you with critical analysis writing and how to write a good critical analysis paper that fits news articles and research journals.
Here is a table of contents for the guide:
· What is Critical Analysis Writing?
· How to Analyze an Article
· How to Write a Critical Analysis?
· How to Analyze a News Article
· How to Analyze Research Articles
· Article Analysis Template: Follow for a Better Writing
· Example of an Article Critical Analysis
What is a Critical Analysis Writing?
Critical analysis writing means evaluation of the author’s work where it can be a news article analysis, a research journal article, a book, a transcript of a conference, or even a movie.
In most cases, the aim is to increase the reader’s understanding of an article’s thesis and contents. A critical analysis article is subjective because it expresses the writer’s opinion, analysis, or evaluation of a given text. It is important to remember that critical analysis means breaking down and studying the parts. As already mentioned, there can be many types of articles to analyze. You have to understand what type of an article you are going to work with, so you can come up with the right tone and format for your future essay.
Also, when you analyze your paper, your main task is to make sure that your audience understands the major points without much difficulty. You have to show your critical thinking skills and make judgments about the subject as you analyze an article, so you can furnish clear opinions and conclusions.
How to Analyze an Article
When you read an article or a news report, find and identify the author’s main points and the thesis. Analyze the structure of the article as step-by-step as you read. Always give yourself enough time to read through the article. If writing is “ a must” for you as you read, you can start with an outline draft first where you mention the most important points. In most cases, look for a purpose of the author’s written work. There can be several purposes of writing:
· Inform the reader: look if the article has a clear structure and whether it provides sufficient evidence supported by facts and additional research.
· Persuade the reader: look to find if the author has presented logical reasoning and counter-arguments, opposite opinions to persuade someone about a particular opinion.
· Entertain the reader: see what emotions are caused by the article and how does it personally influence and inspire you.
How to Write a Critical Analysis?
Start with reading an article in question to help yourself understand the author’s opinion and purpose. Next, start working with an outline that will guide you through the main ideas as you prepare to write a critical analysis. Make sure to:
· Try to avoid speaking of your ideas by starting with “ I think”, “ I believe” and “ In my opinion” as the subject of your critical analysis is a subject, not your personality.
· Always make sure to introduce the subject in your paper, as the audience may not be aware of what you are writing about.
· Focus on both strengths and weaknesses of the author by trying to follow the same structure used.
· Always use evidence and the facts to support your claims and presented ideas.
· Use critical analysis writing to tell of the article’s value and relevance.
· Always remain open-minded and unbiased as you analyze, read, and write your paper.
How to Analyze a News Article
Since the news article has a purpose to inform the audience, it is important to understand that the news reports are time-sensitive and usually relate to particular events and incidents. When working with the news article critical analysis, look out for the following:
· Check the headline of the news article and include it in your thesis
· Focus on structure, the voice of the article, tone, and rhetoric
· Examine the structure of the news report to see how much of a personal opinion is included
· Look for metaphors, alliterations, and allegories to understand the author’s true opinion.
· Determine the tone of the article by trying to identify the news report with one word. It can be critical, angry, passionate, satirical, or even neutral.
How to Analyze Research Articles
When you have to analyze research articles, you should make sure that you:
· Describe the article briefly and explain to the reader what the article is about. While you are reading the article, you have to look for details that identify the topic of the article.
· Identify the purpose of the author or a reason why the author believes that a topic of research is relevant and important.
· Identify the research methods and try to identify whether they appear to be suitable or not.
· Check and provide evidence and facts as you speak of a research article and back it up with your examples.
· Check (and state, if applicable) whether the author refers to other research articles and if similar studies have been done. If yes, it should be mentioned and explained in your work as you speak of research methods and evidence.
· Analyze the sources that were used by the author to get a better idea of how the author has formed his or her thoughts. It will help you to analyze research articles with greater professional competence and a higher level of confidence.
Article Analysis Template: Follow for a Better Writing
To make it easier for you to write a critical analysis essay, we have a helpful analysis writing template that will guide you through the most critical points. This helpful writing template will make sure that you are following the right format, structure, and do not miss anything important!
Introduction
1. State the title of the work that you analyze, specify the author’s name and the date of publication, if available.
2. Outline the main ideas of a news report or a research journal article to identify the author’s thesis.
3. Come up with your own thesis statement and talk briefly about your main vision and ideas related to the original paper.
4. Keep it short! After all, it is an introduction!
Examples to Follow: The “Things They Carried” by Tim O’Brien is an educational and a self-critical story because the author makes a point about… The article “Racial Prejudice in Pretoria, South Africa” by Joost Van Der Graaf provides an unbiased insight on racial relationships in South Africa in a unique manner because the author has studied…
Summary
1. Provide a brief outline of the main ideas presented in your research article, news report, book, or movie.
2. This is an actual part that should answer the questions what, why, who, when, and how exactly.
3. Discuss the structure of an article that you are working with, talk about the style and the point of view presented by the author.
Examples to Follow: This article tells about… An academic environment where the research has taken place is… The main subject in the news report is telling a story of his own vision of a financial crisis… The theme of a research article focuses on… The author clearly argues that… The research makes an important point of a difference between home-schooling and public education through the lens of … The authors conclude that…
Analysis
1. State what you like and what you do not like about the article or a news report in a critical way.
2. Explain your own ideas by offering specific examples from an actual article, a news report, or a book.
3. Next, you have to state and explain whether the author has achieved his or her intentions and goals or not.
You have to use analysis to see whether an original journal article or paper is focused, clear, unbiased, informative, and persuasive enough. Another important point to check is whether an article directs to an appropriate and specific audience and if it meets intentions and a purpose. Check for correct conclusions and summing up of research being done.
Conclusion
a) Restate your thesis differently, using new words. b) Summarize your main thesis and ideas presented, using core points in a different tone. c) If necessary and if appropriate, you should make a call to action for your target audience.
Examples to follow:
This article is important because it provides a unique… This article has a biased attitude because the author only focuses on… Instead of turning to real-life examples and the actual statistics, the author of the news report only makes assumptions…
Now let us move on to an actual critical analysis writing example of a research article, so you can start with your own work!
Example of an Article Critical Analysis
The following is a critical analysis example of a research article on an important topic of virtue ethics approach and morals in the field of healthcare.
An original article can be accessed here .
“A Virtue Ethics Approach to Moral Dilemmas in Medicine” Critical Analysis
“A Virtue Ethics Approach to Moral Dilemmas in Medicine” article by Patricia Gardiner, published in 2003 in Journal of Medical Ethics, is an example of an innovative study of the role and place of morals and the virtue ethics in medicine and nursing practices. While the majority of complex moral dilemmas are analyzed through the lens of consequences and the facts, the author takes a different approach where virtue ethics plays a key role in analysis and strategic thinking. In other words, the author tries to make it clear to the audience that once the principles of a person or an organization enter a conflict stage, there is always bias that forces an individual to choose the factors that should or should not dominate. Considering the emotional and moral elements of an equation, Gardiner turns to virtue ethics as a framework that focuses on the character of a moral agent itself instead of being limited by studying the rightfulness of action alone.
Turning to an analysis of two different moral dilemmas, the author walks an extra mile to illustrate the ways how different scenarios can be enhanced by virtue ethics in such complex environments as healthcare. While the subject may appear to be philosophical to a general audience, Gardiner approaches moral dilemmas as a general practitioner, which makes her opinion less biased from a practical perspective. Still, turning to philosophy, the research article studies the place of a reason and analyzes the role of emotion daily. It allows the audience to see diverse circumstances and apply their emotions in practice. An important role is given to motivation because a virtuous person approaches a situation where internal attitudes, professional skills, and reasoning should come in balance. The cases presented by the author, while familiar to most of us, speak of moral dilemmas in healthcare from a different point. Even though Jehovah’s Witness case has a legislation element, the author speaks of a moral side and the virtue ethics. The same relates to the case of a doctor where professional judgment collides with anxiety, stress, and personal experiences. What kind of a moral choice should be made? The article helps a reader to understand decency and professionalism from a moral point that replaces consequentialism and deontology.
It is important to understand that Gardiner does not try to persuade a reader that virtue ethics is a superior solution or the only way to deal with moral dilemmas. One of the differences with the virtue ethics is that it recognizes emotional constituent as an integral and important element of moral perceptions. It considers the role of motivation as important to provide a space for unbiased human interactions. Finally, it provides additional flexibility and allows a person to look for creative solutions in moral and ethically-complex situations where not all the parties involved can be satisfied. The article makes an important call for every professional in the field of healthcare to look beyond usual solutions used daily and implement such virtuous personal and professional characteristics as honesty, courage, empathy, integrity, and an ability to follow one’s obligations and responsibilities in a natural way.
SOURCE: https://nerdify.medium.com/complete-guide-on-article-analysis-with-1-analysis-example-ddb2e993d3f
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Journal of Accountancy
Compliance is good, but a culture of ethics is better Finance and ethics expert Clare Levison, CPA, CGMA, explores the connection between the good life and knowing and adhering to all the standards and laws that govern the profession.
By Kelly D. Mullins July 1, 2023
PHOTO BY EUGENE MYMRIN/GETTY IMAGES
Finance and ethics expert Clare Levison, CPA, CGMA, explores the connection between the good life and the knowing and adhering to all the standards and laws that govern the profession.
Chances are, when you encounter the word “ethics,” the good life is not the first thing that comes to mind. But many philosophers, from ancient Socrates to contemporary Peter Kreeft, say the two are inseparable.
The realm of ethics is where we ask questions like, “What values and principles should guide our actions?” and “What leads to human flourishing and well-being?” In other words, how do we find and live the good life?
In this Q&A, we explore the connection between the good life and professional ethics, which is the knowing and adhering to all the standards and laws that govern our profession.
There’s a trend of reaching beyond compliance to something more encompassing.
The AICPA Professional Ethics Executive Committee (PEEC) has developed a principles-based focus with a conceptual framework approach that aids deeper thinking about ethical dilemmas, which reflects this trend. Since the framework’s addition to the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct (https://pub.aicpa.org/codeofconduct/Ethics.aspx) (the Code) in 2006, members have been using the threats-and-safeguards approach to address ethical situations that aren’t always black and white. (See the sidebar “How the Conceptual Framework Works.”)
Summer Young, CPA, a senior manager in the AICPA Professional Ethics Division, said members who call the ethics hotline are becoming more comfortable exploring the gray areas when they come across a situation that isn’t specifically mentioned in the Code. (To learn more about the hotline, see the sidebar “Have an Ethics Question? Call the Hotline.”)
“We always explain that the Code can’t cover every possibility, and callers understand how the conceptual framework approach can help,” Young said. “It’s also helpful that we can point them to the conceptual framework toolkits, which have examples to spark discussion on ethical issues on everything from independence to tax practice for practitioners in public practice and business.”
Clare Levison, CPA, CGMA, an ethics and finance expert who is a current PEEC member, is passionate about the move toward more than compliance. She leverages her finance background and her love of ethics and inspired education to help organizations and people create a culture of ethics that infuses every level of interaction, every aspect of business as usual.
Levison talks about why she does what she does, why it’s important, and how organizations can overcome challenges in making ethics an everyday, always-present part of business.
In your work helping organizations build a culture of ethics, you say it’s important to focus on the “why” of ethics rather than only the “what.” Why do you believe it’s important for organizations to build an ethical culture that includes but goes beyond compliance?
Clare Levison: It’s about going from good to best. As accountants, we focus on numbers a lot. I really would like to see organizations focus more on ethics as an overarching principle and not just technical compliance. Organizations out there may be good, but if they really want to have that competitive advantage, building a culture of ethics is a great way to get there.
When customers and clients have that trust in you that you’ve built through creating that ethical culture, it’s a win for the organization, clients and customers, and society in general.
Talk about the intersection of ethics and compliance. How does theoretical ethics govern the applied ethics — or technical aspects — of a profession?
Levison: Compliance is necessary, but we really want to work on going above and beyond that. So, I see compliance as the foundation in business or a profession, but it’s also the minimum bar, and we want to go beyond the minimum.
That’s where I think the intersection that you’re talking about comes into play between those codes, those regulations, and really thinking about taking it a step further — to doing the right thing, in general, all the time.
Peter Kreeft is a philosophy professor at Boston College, and, like you, he doesn’t distinguish between ethics and morality. In fact, in his audio course “Ethics, a History of Moral Thought,” he says ethics is “about doing something and doing it well. It’s not merely a checklist of rules, it’s substantive, it’s essential. It’s about the good life. All of life is ethical.” That sounds like what we commonly think of as morality, and it sounds like you agree.
Levison: I do. And that’s why I focus on the why so much. The policy, the procedure, the law, that’s really the what. What do I have to do or not do to be in compliance?
Then the why is understanding why it’s important. And that’s when you really internalize the value system of the organization or when you internalize, say, the code of a given profession because you’ve recognized these laws and rules exist for a reason. So, not only do we want to be in compliance with the letter of the law or the rule, but we want to be in compliance with the spirit of the law as well.
What have you seen as the biggest challenge for organizations that are working to move from a compliance mindset to a culture infused with ethics?
Levison: One of the biggest challenges I see is bringing this type of content to life. Your quote from Dr. Kreeft mentioned a checklist. I think a lot of times ethics training can become compliance training. We’re here to train you on all these things that you need to be in compliance with. And sometimes it leaves out that why. Typically, people want to follow all the procedures and rules that they’re required to, but impactful and meaningful training will help them see the benefits within the organization and within their own personal careers of really taking it to that next step of going above and beyond.
What have you found to be the biggest challenge for staff who may not be in leadership positions?
Levison: It’s about finding their voice and finding that willingness to speak up when they see something is maybe not going the way they feel it should be, ethically. And really navigating those waters of having difficult conversations with differing points of view. They may not feel they have the political capital to initiate these discussions because they are at the staff rather than the leadership level.
What’s a suggestion you have for leadership to help foster this environment of “always-on” ethics throughout their organizations?
Levison: You have to consciously create an environment of open and honest communication. Having an open-door policy so that employees feel they can come to you to discuss issues. That is only going to be as impactful as the genuineness with which the employees feel that the policy is being lived out in the workplace.
So, not just having the policy, but really making sure people know that you really do value the opinions and insights of others, which includes going to them and seeking out that input, not waiting until they come to you.
You really have to walk the walk and not just talk the talk. That’s how people are going to believe that you value that opinion and insight — they see when they come to you changes actually happen. Difference actually happens. They’ve been actively listened to, and they can see some kind of result or outcome, not just a chat for the sake of having the chat.
What’s the single most effective change individual leaders can make?
Levison: If I had to pick one piece of advice it would be: Get to know your people so they feel comfortable with you, you feel comfortable with them.
You’re working on building that trust so that people do feel like they can come to you and tell you when they think a problem exists. You have to model that ethical behavior yourself. So, again, not just talking the talk but walking the walk.
Where have you seen the greatest return on investment of time and budget related to building a culture of ethics?
Levison: Definitely, the impactful, meaningful training we talked about before. And it’s not enough to do it once a year. It needs to be a consistent conversation because, although you may be spending more budget, if you get together more times a year, that helps you put out the message that this is in fact a priority for your organization and you’re not re-creating the wheel, so to speak, every time the group gets together.
By the time one year goes by you might be starting the same conversations over again. But if you have that training throughout the year, with conversations happening on a more regular basis, you have an opportunity to continually build that culture.
It’s important to have that intersection that we talked about between the activities that we do related to ethics training and our daily work life.
HOW THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK WORKS
In the move away from “bright lines” and toward principles, the conceptual framework approach in the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct (the Code) helps practitioners think about what threats may exist and decide whether safeguards can be put in place to mitigate or eliminate those threats.
For example, the Code explicitly says that your independence will be impaired if one of your immediate family members holds a key position at an attest client and there’s no way around that threat. But what if it’s your cousin? This relationship is not addressed in the Code.
That’s where the conceptual framework approach comes in. Several threats may exist, such as familiarity, self-interest, and management participation. Your job is to identify those threats and do something about them, such as ensuring that you aren’t on the engagement team for this client or that another CPA in your office is reviewing your work.
You can find more examples in the toolkits mentioned as resources to this article.
About the author
Kelly D. Mullins is the communications manager for the AICPA Professional Ethics Division. To comment on this article or to suggest an idea for another article, contact [email protected] (mailto:[email protected]).
AICPA RESOURCES
Code
AICPA Code of Professional Conduct (http://pub.aicpa.org/codeofconduct/resourceseamlesslogin.aspx?prod=ethics&tdoc=et-cod&tptr=et-cod0.100)
Toolkits
Conceptual Framework Toolkit for Independence (https://us.aicpa.org/content/dam/aicpa/interestareas/professionalethics/resources/downloadabledocuments/toolkitsandaids/conceptual-framework- toolkit-for-independence-final.pdf)
Conceptual Framework Toolkit for Members in Business (https://us.aicpa.org/content/dam/aicpa/interestareas/professionalethics/resources/downloadabledocuments/toolkitsandaids/conceptual-framework- toolkit-for-members-in-business-final.pdf)
Conceptual Framework Toolkit for Members in Public Practice (https://us.aicpa.org/content/dam/aicpa/interestareas/professionalethics/resources/downloadabledocuments/toolkitsandaids/conceptual-framework- toolkit-for-members-in-public-practice-final.pdf)
Have an ethics question? Call the hotline
The ethics hotline is one of the ways the Association fosters a culture of ethics. It is free of charge, and Professional Ethics Division staff are ready to help you think through ethical dilemmas and questions. Call 888-777-7077 (_tel_888-777-7077), option 2, then option 3, or email [email protected] (mailto:[email protected]).
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